Public Provident Fund (PPF): all the rules
Tap a heading to expand it. Rules checked on 7 October 2026.
Who can open an account
- A resident Indian individual can open one PPF account in their own name, at a post office or an authorised bank.
- A guardian can also open one account for each minor (or person of unsound mind) in their care. Only one account can be opened in a minor's name, by any one guardian.
- Joint accounts are not allowed. NRIs cannot open a new account.
- If you hold more than one PPF account, only one is regular. Since 1 October 2024 the extra account is merged into the main one (within the yearly limit); any excess is refunded without interest.
Deposits
- Minimum ₹500 and maximum ₹1,50,000 per financial year (April–March), in multiples of ₹50. You can pay in one go or in instalments.
- The ₹1,50,000 limit covers your own account and any minor's account you operate, together.
- If you miss the ₹500 minimum in any year, the account becomes "discontinued". You can revive it before maturity by paying a ₹50 fee plus ₹500 for each missed year.
- A discontinued account that is not revived still earns interest, but it gets no loans or withdrawals, and you cannot open another PPF account until it is closed after maturity.
How interest works
- The government sets the rate every quarter. The calculator above uses the current rate.
- Interest is worked out each month on the lowest balance between the 5th and the last day of the month, and added to the account at the end of each financial year (compounded yearly).
- To earn interest for a month, deposit by the 5th. Depositing by 5 April earns interest on that money for the whole year.
- From 1 October 2024, an account opened for a minor earns only the Post Office Savings Account rate (currently 4%) until the child turns 18; after that it earns the normal PPF rate.
Maturity and extension
- The account matures 15 years after the end of the financial year in which it was opened.
- At maturity you can close it and take the full balance, keep it without new deposits, or extend it with deposits.
- Without deposits: keep the account for as long as you like. It keeps earning interest and you can withdraw any amount once a year. Once you have continued without deposits for more than a year, you cannot switch back to deposits.
- With deposits: apply within one year of maturity to extend in blocks of 5 years. You cannot cancel the extension later. During each block you can withdraw up to 60% of the balance at the start of the block in total, in one go or yearly.
- If you deposit after maturity without applying for an extension within a year, those deposits are refunded without interest.
Partial withdrawals and loans
- Partial withdrawal: once a year, any time after 5 years from the end of the year of opening. You can take up to 50% of the lower of: the balance at the end of the 4th year before the withdrawal year, or the balance at the end of the previous year.
- Any outstanding loan, with its interest, must be repaid before you can make a partial withdrawal.
- Loan: available after one year, and up to five years, from the end of the year of opening. The maximum is 25% of the balance at the end of the 2nd year before the year you apply. Only one loan a year, and a new loan only after the previous one is fully repaid.
- Repay the loan within 36 months; interest is then 1% a year (the borrowed amount also stops earning PPF interest). If not repaid within 36 months, interest is 6% a year on the amount outstanding.
Closing early
- Allowed only after 5 years from the end of the year of opening, and only for: treatment of a life-threatening illness of you, your spouse, dependent children or parents; higher education of you or your dependent children; or a change of residency (becoming an NRI). Supporting documents are needed.
- Penalty: interest is recalculated at 1% less than the rates credited, from the date of opening. For an extended account (rule since 9 November 2023), the 1% cut applies only from the start of the current 5-year block.
Tax
- Deposits qualify for a deduction under Section 123 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 (the old Section 80C), up to ₹1,50,000 a year in total across all eligible investments. This deduction is available only if you choose the old tax regime; the new (default) regime under Section 202 does not allow it.
- Interest and the maturity amount are fully tax-free under both regimes, and no TDS is deducted. PPF is "EEE": exempt at deposit, growth and withdrawal.
Death, nomination, protection and NRIs
- You can nominate one or more people. On the holder's death the account is closed and paid to the nominee or legal heir — they cannot continue it. Interest is paid up to the end of the month before payment.
- A PPF balance cannot be attached by any court order to recover your debts.
- If you become an NRI, you can keep the account until its original maturity but cannot extend it. Since 1 October 2024, an extended account held by an NRI earns no interest.
Sources
- The Gazette of India — G.S.R. 915(E), 12 December 2019: Public Provident Fund Scheme, 2019
- India Post SB Order 22/2023 with G.S.R. 829(E) and 831(E), 7 Nov 2023 — SCSS and PPF amendments
- Business Standard — PPF changes from October 2024 decoded
- Income-tax Act, 2025 as amended by the Finance Act, 2026 — Sections 123, 153, 202, 393 and Schedules II and XV
- Small savings interest rates, October–December 2026 — CAclubindia
Rules can change. Always confirm with your post office or bank before investing.
How PPF maturity is calculated
Interest is added once a year on the balance, so each year's interest earns interest too:
Balance at year end = (last year's balance + this year's deposit) × (1 + rate)
Example:₹1,50,000 a year at 7.1% for 15 years — ₹22,50,000 in total — grows to ₹40,68,209, of which ₹18,18,209 is tax-free interest.
Frequently asked questions
What is the PPF interest rate now?
7.1% a year for Oct–Dec 2026. The government reviews it every quarter, and the new rate applies to your whole balance from that quarter on.
Is PPF interest tax-free?
Yes. Interest and the maturity amount are fully tax-free under both tax regimes. Deposits also qualify for a deduction under Section 123 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 (the old Section 80C) — but only if you choose the old tax regime.
When in the year should I deposit?
Interest for each month is worked out on the lowest balance between the 5th and the end of the month. Depositing by 5 April gives the money a full year of interest; this calculator assumes that. Depositing later in the year earns less.
Is it worth extending PPF after 15 years?
Extending keeps the tax-free compounding going. Continuing ₹1,50,000 a year at 7.1% for another 5 years (20 in total) takes the balance from about ₹40.68 lakh to about ₹66.58 lakh.
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Last updated . For information only — not financial advice. Check the final figures with your lender or bank.